Aerospace industry in Latin America (1 Viewer)

As part of the development of the new Pillán II training aircraft, the Chilean Air Force took a key step in the training of specialized personnel with the completion, by one of its future test pilots, of the course taught by the International Test Pilot School (ITPS) in Canada.

Captain (A) Paris Villavecchia, a recent graduate of the program, will participate in the testing, certification, and validation phase of the new basic trainer being developed by ENAER, with the goal of upgrading the training capabilities of the Chilean Air Force. Villavecchia graduated on May 28 in London, Ontario, after five months of theoretical and practical training that included topics such as performance, stability, avionics, aircraft certification, and flight control mechanics.

During the practical phase, he flew ten types of aircraft, including the Aero L-29 Delfín and L-39 Albatros jets, the T.7A Hawker Hunter fighter, as well as the Sukhoi-29 aerobatic aircraft and advanced simulators for the Boeing 737-800 NG and Boeing 787. Regarding this, he stated, "It was a very professional, very demanding course. Without a doubt, one of the most challenging courses I have ever faced," also highlighting the caliber of the international instructors and the collaborative environment with test pilots from companies such as Airbus, Gulfstream, and Honda.

The Chilean officer's participation is directly linked to the Pillán II Project, a strategic initiative promoted by ENAER (National Aeronautical Commission for Chilean Air Force) that seeks to replace the veteran T-35 Pillán aircraft, incorporated into the FACh since 1985, with a new primary training aircraft with cutting-edge technology. The new trainer will feature a larger fuselage, redesigned domestically manufactured wings, a new engine, and a modern full-glass digital cockpit equipped with multifunction displays and a Head-Up Display (HUD). The project also includes a comprehensive training ecosystem that includes mixed reality simulators, planning stations, debriefing systems, and logistics and maintenance support platforms.

During FIDAE 2024, Alberto Alfaro, ENAER's press officer, explained in an interview with Zona Militar: "The simulator is a mixed reality simulator, where the pilot, in a small area, puts on his virtual reality headset and views a virtual outside world... but when he looks at the cockpit and touches it, it's real. Even when he performs a maneuver, it's synaptic; he feels the flight resistance, therefore, creating a highly immersive experience in the simulator that saves flight hours."
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With a planned investment of $142 million to be executed over eight years, the program will position ENAER among the few countries capable of developing and manufacturing its own military trainer. At the end of 2024, the Chilean company announced the completion of the first structural piece of the Pillán II, marking a key milestone in the project's progress.

 
The Autonomous Metropolitan University (UAM) Iztapalapa, in partnership with the Universidad de Guanajuato, has developed an innovative process to produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) from agricultural waste. Known as Furanos-to-Jet (FTJ), the method leverages furans—compounds formed during biomass degradation—as precursors for jet fuel.

Dr. Gabriel Contreras Zarazúa, a chemical engineering expert and lead researcher, highlighted the FTJ process's advantages over existing SAF production methods like Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) and Alcohol-to-Jet (ATJ). He explained that furans offer properties essential for SAF, such as suitable freezing points and densities, which alcohol-based intermediates lack.

Developed entirely in Mexico, the FTJ process earned third place in the 2025 Airbus SAF Award, presented during the 2025 Aerospace Fair (FAMEX). This recognition underscores the project’s importance in advancing sustainable aviation in the country.

Dr. Contreras Zarazúa estimates that SAF production in Mexico could begin within two to three years but identifies a key obstacle: insufficient collaboration between academia and industry. “There are many excellent ideas in academia with scaling potential, but no connection with industry,” he told A21.

He also stressed the need to engage with farmers who produce the biomass necessary for SAF. “The missing piece is the entire biomass supply chain. Once that is in place, building the technology will be the easiest part,” he added.

Regarding infrastructure, Dr. Contreras Zarazúa suggested repurposing existing facilities from Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) but advocated for dedicated biorefineries near biomass sources to reduce costs and emissions. For instance, sugarcane residues could be processed in coastal areas, while agave waste would require specialized facilities in Jalisco, tailored to local agricultural byproducts.

The project has attracted interest from private companies like Airbus and Aeroméxico, reflecting growing support for sustainable aviation in Mexico. Dr. Contreras Zarazúa called for a collaborative effort among government, industry, and academia to overcome barriers and accelerate SAF development.

This breakthrough positions Mexico as a potential leader in SAF production in Latin America, aligning with global goals to achieve net-zero aviation emissions by 2050.

 
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Here we have the Azcarate E, this aircraft was a derivative of the
O-E-1 but in a smaller airframe, 10 were built as trainers for the FAM by Juan Azcarate in 1930.
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It is a TNCA Balbuena 20 de noviembre designed by Ángel Calvo y Juan Brelibet in 1940.
Only one example built
 
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