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00:00:01 [Music] Namaskar Operation Cryogenic Propulsion System, Department of Space Secretary Tata bharata mahakas goes kendra iso chairman Dr. V Naran sir welcome and namaskar. Let us start with uh operation sindur and the role of his roster. Now it has been widely reported that eyes in the sky the satellite system helped our armed forces with enough data and coordinates so that they could neutralize the incoming drones and missiles launched from across the border and also hit precisely on the targets
00:01:23 terrorist launch pairs and several other military bases and air bases. Could you please throw some light more light on this? You are aware Indian space program was started by Vikram Sarabhai with a vision of bringing advanced space technology for the benefit of common man of our bat. When we talk about benefit to the common man, this benefit is in multiple fields. One is earth observation. Earth observation is used for food security, water security, weather forecasting and monitoring of resources,
00:02:06 resource management and and so on so forth. And of course then communication area, television broadcasting, telecommunication, then uh navigation area, disaster warning and mitigation is another important application. And
today for example we are having connectivity of all trains not all almost 8,000 trains are real time connected also the vessels so more than 21,000 plus vessels are connected real time and barat is having a sea sore length of something around 11,500 kilome seashore length also the northern part of the India you know
00:02:48 so many borders with other countries and we our satellites are meant for in ensuring the happiness of the citizens, ensuring effective utilization of the resources available in the country for the citizens. Also ensuring safety and security for the citizen and we have done whatever best possible and whatever required for our nation during this very critical phase. And uh really I'm extremely happy that as a country as a barat we have done outstanding work and surely the Indian space program Indian space assets
00:03:38 are also effectively utilized for ensuring safety and security of the every citizen of this country during this very critical phase. Indeed sir, it has been quite evident during operation sindoor how effectively the inputs from ISRO satellites helped our armed forces. Could you please explain more about the regional navigation system NAIS?
Right now we are having couple of satellites in the orbit. Uh we have got approval for three more satellites. Sir Navic 03, four and five. We have got in fact Navic
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3 is going to be launched somewhere in October and
every four months we are planning to place one more satellite and this is phase two of the navigation satellite and
phase three three more satellites we are written down the project and we are going through the approval cycle. And another important thing is when you talk about the navigation satellite, one of the very very important and critical item is atomic clock and earing the atomic clock from other countries and whatever imported atomic clock couple of
00:04:51 atomic clocks had setbacks in the orbit. Now we have put a system we are indigenously making. In fact, last Navy satellite there were three atomic clocks which were uh imported atomic clocks and one of our atomic clock was put. Similarly, Navy 01 also similar thing was done and
I'm extremely happy to report that the atomic clock indigenous atomic clock two clocks which are right now in the orbit is performing extremely well and I had a review with my colleagues on this atomic clock area. Right now we have given a
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direction and guideline at the earliest opportunity even though we have imported items in the hand we want to have a satellite only with indigenous atomic clock at least in the second series Navic 3 4 5th satellite I have given a direction but of course this will be executed based on the performance of our atomic clock in the orbit but this is the direction and guideline we have taken towards that number one increasing the production capability of the indigenous clock that we have initiated the action and then we
00:06:04 are going in that direction. Sir, how how will this system actually enhance our operation in different fields? Will you be at par with say US GPS or gloss you? No, we will be see when you are talking about the using others data you know I don't think when there is a strategic needs we can totally rely on any other country so in that aspect we are very clear we should have got our indigenous system and towards that every direction we are moving so at one at one point of time our country should become
00:06:40 a developed country and when you become a developed country and declare that we cannot too much depend on other countries so towards that I Indians are doing great job and especially I can comment about my colleagues. I think everybody I can say self-actualized characters. Nobody needs to tell what you are to do and everybody self motivated self-actualized team. I'm very extremely happy whatever is required for our country. uh in terms of space program my team is capable and knowledgeable and enthusiastic to do the
00:07:17 things that's great sir now the May 18 failure of Pslv C61 and the loss of the satellite EOS9 how much setback it is to our security no it is not a the satellite is supposed to be a civilian satellite civilian satellite Okay, doesn't matter but surely it is a small setback for us in the sense PSL is operational vehicle and we were expecting a 100% performance. It is a four- stage vehicle. The first stage is a solid propulsion system. Second stage is a liquid propulsion. Third is again solid. Fourth is
00:08:02 liquid.
Now first two stages perfectly worked. Sir and third stage solid propulsion system also worked in the initial phase almost 2/3 of its functional time. It worked as expected but abruptly we saw a chamber pressure fall indicating some weakness that uh and one more important point is after that pressure fall also when the required time came fourth stage started performing as expected but during this one/ird operation time when the thrust was less without the proper liquid chamber pressure the control of
00:08:45 the vehicle could not be done. The way it is supposed to be done without thrust we cannot control because it is having uh its own control system and then fourth stage was trying to do the control but then unfortunately the capability of our state is very less by the time lot of error was there and uh there was a setback for us but then in the space system to be frank I'm little got dull but space system is like this we don't consider anything as a failure. Sure. And whenever there is a setback, we use that as a opportunity to
00:09:22 learn more and strengthen our system. In fact, I want to tell uh one of our former chairman Dr. Radakshan who is the student of Acharas who is here and uh when he was the chairman we had a GSLB launch with indigenous cryo there was a failure and at that time I was occupying key role in that program and when he came and he he told one one point I have written down in my diary also what he told was Naran then a child start walking We are very happy if the child without falling if it walks and start walking
00:10:03 and start walking faster and start running. We are very happy. But then it is always not expected like that. Child will fall and when a child fall he should not simply sit and cry as a coward. It should not simply sit and cry. You fall and get up and walk fast and you'll succeed. So so thereby in Israel system we never consider anything as a failure. uh even though I was little unhappy in the sense we expected when we will become unhappy I expected a 100% perfect mission but then unfortunately mission
00:10:38 could not be accomplished but then the entire piece of data my team is going through systematically thoroughly and we are going to come out of the problem and the nation level committee is also going to address I have got great confidence on ISRO team they will use this as a opportunity to study entire thing and strengthen the system. So and the moral is high also. Moral is really high. Say in a system like this yes we could not accomplish but that is not the end of the story. PSLV 63rd vehicle till today we have got
00:11:16 three setbacks and the percentage of the reliability of the vehicle is very high and you know we are studying we'll address and I have ensured the morale of the employees are high yes there is a setback so okay no we are we are feeling unhappy about it it's not that we are but then we have to come back at the earliest as opposed to this but you achieved something unique in April when the speedex program succeeded. Could you please elaborate a bit in that? say the speed. First of all, let me explain why the docking experiments
00:11:53 uh the docking is essentially required when you talk about huge satellites being lifted. For example, uh we are going to build a space station. It is a 52 ton is the mass of the space station. So you cannot build a rocket to lift the entire 52 tons. We are planning to lift five modules individually. I models we are going to lift and we are going to assemble in the space and then you know the assembly is nothing but docking sub docking the lift will take simultaneously not simultaneously separately one module
00:12:25 will go rotate in the orbit then second module will go after some time and it has to be docked in the space now another important application I will tell you right now government has approved the chanderyaan 4 program and Chanderyaan 3 mission we had a 4,000 kg satellite and our launch vehicle Today the capabilities we can take 4,200 kg to low earth sorry GTO geo transfer orbit we can take. So Chandran 3 was lifted by mark vehicle.
Now Chandrean 4 is a 9,600 kg satellite because it has to land on the moon bring the sample back. It's a
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9,600 kg. So we don't have a rocket for that and we need not have a rocket also for such a huge payload. And what we are planning is we are going to take this in two separate rockets 4,800 kg and we are going to dock in the space. Not only docking after docking it has to go to the moon's orbit and your portion has to undock rather detach and land on the moon take the sample. After taking the sample there will be two parts which will land on the moon. There is a lander then there is a there's a sample return
00:13:36 module and the sample return module has to get separated again come back and dock after docking entire things has to come towards the moon surface and the module whatever is supposed to bring the sample that alone has to separate and it has to come that means if my memory is correct two times docking and three times undocking is required to accomplish that so so we have to demonstrate that technology but that technology is not That simple in the sense suppose in road there are two buses or two cars are going with 100
00:14:08 km/h speed and if you have to mechanically assembled when they are moving when they are stationary we can assemble when they are moving with 100 km/h if you have to dock or rather assemble without hitting each other with a set of that two when drivers are there one scenario with the drivers with a set of algorithm cameras and this one propulsion system you you I think you can visualize that complexity here in the space 20,000 to 40,000 20,000 to 30,000 kilometer per hour the satellites will be rotating and then this has to be
00:14:43 docked and on in fact we started the activity on January 16th itself two satellites each 200 kg was rotating with the velocity of 28,400 km per hour of course relative velocity was less relative and we kept a gap of something around 10 km computers. Then uh there is a set of cameras. There are there is preparation system on both the system and there is set of computer logics set of algorithms and there are set of sensors for locating exact location and in three dimensionally everything has to be assessed and
00:15:19 automatically this has to come and get docked and in fact I will tell you first time when we are trying to dock we faced couple of problems but we were sure that it should not hit and damage and we could not succeed once or twice then on 16th January we could succeed. So it took two three attempts to make it successful that day. Then on if my memory is correct after a month we undock we have the opportunity for docking and undocking comes not daily in a month sometime only we get that opportunity because of the power
00:15:53 regeneration requirement everything and second time when we are trying to dock it was like a child play in fact I was informed my colleagues sir we are going to dock then I told don't wait for me go ahead before I went they have successfully docked like a child play so that is One second thing is uh we plan to dock twice and we have also done one experiment uh the circumnavigation circum one sat second satellite you take it around and monitor initially we did manually manually means you have to be careful because close
00:16:29 distance you cannot go close distance suppose you hit there will be a problem so lot of distance we kept second attempt we put automatically and bring into closer proximity now today I'm happy to report to the audience that we accounted each satellite 5 kg of propellant for this purpose because there are thrusters required and we have consumed only 50%. With that we have completely accomplished the mission. Now 50% fuel is there. Now we are writing down what are the further experiments we can do because here multiple times you
00:16:59 have to do and gain experience and generate data and without any problem you have to do so that we are going to generate the data. So I'm so satisfied that this experiment is a grand successful experiment and India is one among four countries established or having this capability that is very very important. If it is so simple every country will do right. So, so it is a fact only we are one among four probably uh I don't know I have effectively communicated I don't know absolutely sir absolutely you have a
00:17:33 host program coming up launch of Ganyan then Chandraan4 then our own space station please light our viewers the progress on these fronts and uh how we are going to achieve it by what timeline let me first talk about gagan program, Gagangyan program. We have to take our own Gaga 3 uh to a 400 km orbit and then we have to keep safely and bring them back safely. This is the project and this is done by for this lot of development has to take place. One is human rating of rocket. M simple term if I tell to the viewers
00:18:17 human right means don't I mean get confused with the complex words it is improve the margin of all the rocket parts improve the margin structural margin thermal margin aerodynamic margin improve the margin second wherever possible bring redundancy and thereby improve the reliability of the launch vehicle that is what is called the human right and also in our exper dependable vehicle we don't monitor all the parameters here we have to have a health monitoring system real time it has to automatically
00:18:50 monitor because if anything happens to the rocket we have to save our many of this and then this development next one is the module in which people are going to be there which it is a pressurized compartment and that is a new development then environmental control and safety system because you know the aircraft when you travel inside we have to have required pressure temperature humidity similar Everything has to be maintained here. You have to have required temperature, relative humidity, partial pressure of oxygen, car CO2 has
00:19:21 to be contained to some level and uh all these things we call it say environmental control and safety system. Then that system is a totally new development something around 600 700 control fluid control components are involved in that game and everything has to be done in automated way. It is not that you operate here and there and it has to be done in automated way. Next development is you know when the human beings are in the vehicle yes they have gone inside due to some reason if the rocket is malfunctioning and we cannot
00:19:51 lose our authorities you know so they have to be saved. So for that we have a system called uh crew escape system. That is the the entire health monitoring system will monitor and anything going wrong immediately this command will be given the crew will be taken almost one or two km away they will be saved. So this development and the landing final landing is by a set of parachutes nine parachutes which is coming from Azra and then there are systems humanentric products their food waste management so
00:20:23 many things has to be done then there shoot so all the work it is a national project by itself it is and again recovery of the crew we have to depend on air force team navy team and it's a national project and lot of development work is going on right now the status is we are going ahead with uncrrewed mission. First mission this year we are going to accomplish and then two more uncrrewed mission followed by the crude mission we are targeting 27 first world and the same way uh the different programs are approved.
00:20:56 Honorable prime minister has approved different program and like Venus orbiter mission, Mars lander mission and then Chandran 5, then Bat Andri we are going to build our own space station and all these things are to have a leadership role and to enable our country to become a developed country and I am confident the type of vision honorable prime minister Modi has given as the minister of face really uh we are going to be in par with any other developed countries by 2040 time frame 2040 45 time frame
00:21:36 surely before we celebrate 100 years of independence we will be in par in fact we are also having a program honorable prime minister has told us to study taking man to moon and bring them back safely that program also on we are working and thereby we'll be in par with any other countries is for making the vision of honorable prime minister to make this country as a developed country before we celebrate 100 years of independence. Sir, you have a host of associates in startups and other institutions. Orisa two figure in that
00:22:13 list. For example, you have been to CTC today. It has been an associate of ISRO for the last years or so. Now how do you see the space interest growing in Odisa and which are the institutions you are going to tie up the association? Actually I will tell you uh for our space program 450 industries are supporting and uh CTC bonus is a key partner in that one among 450 and uh in fact two weeks back and another one is academia contribution it is the national space program is not a singleman work it's a teamwork with the participation
00:22:55 academia partition of industrial partners and uh uh in fact I want to I'm very happy to inform that two weeks back we have started the incubation center in Naella which is in Odisa Yes. And uh we are connecting so many colleges and say for me as a chairman of or secretary of the department of space the entire country the support has to come not one one region one sector everybody has to support and whoever is really coming and we are going to handhold any industries let it be from Andra Tamil Nadu or
00:23:35 doesn't matter whoever is we are going to handhold them and slowly from CTP So lot of things they have done and lot 30 years they are contributing and the days to come it is not only cities any any startup companies are coming also will be in a position to handhold and take forward because the now see when we started the space program you people are questioning why it is required for this country but today it has become a necessity to ensure safety security to ensure food security to ensure water
00:24:06 security in order to monitor our resources in order to monitor our urban development in order to understand the flood situation in the country in order to understand the forest fire in order to have navigation applications and it has become a mandate requirement and uh towards that actually the ISRO alone cannot contribute it's not adequate is contribute so I have to thank honorable prime minister with his vision he has put a space sector reform so private sector whoever is interested to come we
00:24:38 are going to handhold them my response responsibility given responsibility given to is to me is very clear increase improve the space ecosystem in the country not only through ISRO through the private sector academia startup companies that's what we are doing and it is a mandate requirement and your final message to the space savvy students scholars of Odisha say our honorable prime minister used to make one statement there should not be any space between space and common man of this country that I'm very Here there
00:25:10 was a time space means it is only for elite group of people. It is not true. Even for example ATM has to work. Telecommunication system has to work and see we have to bridge the gap and space is in fact I want to tell science and technology growth has to happen in a big way. Not only space missile development atomic energy area and biotechnology area the health say a country if it has to be a developed country it has to grow in multiple direction infrastructure development. My message to the student
00:25:40 is there are a lot of opportunity in the space area directly or somebody can join but that is limited number of positions and somebody can start their own companies but what my message is the success of Indian space program because of couple of reasons one is it is because of teamwork and we always believe in letter and spirit the organization and the country is above individuals individuals are not above country and this one and You also should feel so and uh you when you study and come come up you should have got a great
00:26:15 broad mind and you should have got the really good good human being quality should come within you academically you should be good no doubt but then you should have got the mentality to take care of your parents take care of your this one if somebody's coming from the village yes you have grown you should understand what is happen in the village you also should help them and you should Ensure the country is becoming a developed country. Of course individual growth personal professional required
00:26:43 and another important thing is uh when we are going through towards the development the personal and professional there should be equal things. One should not too much compromise personal things for professional growth and vice versa. uh in fact our generation to be very open and frank we have little bit compromised on the personal life for the professional thing and for the countries because at that point of time that is the requirement but today one has to have a balanced thing and in if I put
00:27:15 in there is that says meaning is very simple you know the lotus in a pond the stem length of the lotus depending upon the height of the water. If the height of the water is more, stem length will more go more and it will go up to the bottom. True. Same way the individual growth is dependent upon your heart only. If your heart is good enough and your growth is proportionate to that. So I my message not only to the youngsters from Odisa to the entire youngsters of the country is grow as a good human being. have a
00:27:57 balanced personal and professional life and contribute for making this country as a developed country before we celebrate 100 years of independence based on the vision of our honorable prime minister Modi. That's a great concluding word sir. Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you viewers. Thank you. Foreign speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech. for personal. Namaskar.