Pakistan’s literacy rate is often cited as around 62%, but this is based on surveys rather than a full-fledged census. The criteria for literacy in Pakistan is the ability to recite kalima, it is often counted as literacy. India’s definition of literacy includes the ability to read and write in English and a local language, along with basic numeracy skills.
Bihar’s literacy rate has been steadily improving, and it is expected to reach around 90% in the next census. The states literacy rate was reported as 79.7% in the 2017 caste census, showing a significant rise from previous surveys like NHFS, which had it at 70.1%. India’s overall literacy rate is also projected to be around 86% in the upcoming census.
On the caste-based survey, Bihar Minister Vijay Kumar Chaudhary, in the Assembly says In our survey, the literacy rate in Bihar stands at 79.70%. The literacy rate in women is higher in comparison to men...In Bihar, for every 1000 males, there are 953 females in comparison to 918 females in 2011.
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